Exploresearch (ISSN: 3048-815X) ( Vol. 03 | No. 2 | April - June, 2026 )

Statistical Assessment of Wastewater Quality of Untapped Drains Discharging Untreated Sewage into River Ganga at Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh

Author: Manjeev Vishvkarma & Azizur Rahman Siddiqui

River Ganga at Prayagraj is experiencing severe pollution because of the presence of untreated domestic wastewater from a number of urban drains. In this context, the aim of this study is to analyze water quality of untreated domestic wastewater of 25 drains, which discharge into the river, based on data collected by the Uttar Pradesh Pollution Control Board (UPPCB) in July 2024. For the purpose, six key water quality parameters including pH, Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Coliform (TC), and Fecal Coliform (FC) have been used in a correlation analysis. The study has shown that the water of the drains has a considerable organic and microbial pollution. In particular, very high BOD (111.68 mg/L) and COD (380.56 mg/L) levels indicate heavy pollution in terms of organic compounds. Moreover, a very high content of Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform also shows severe pollution with sewage posing serious environmental and health risks. Besides, the correlation analysis has revealed a strong positive relationship between BOD and COD (r = 0.78) as well as Total Coliform and Fecal Coliform (r = 0.89). In conclusion, it is important to note that this study has shown that untreated sewage contributes significantly to poor water quality in the river Ganga at Prayagraj, hence there is an urgent need for better wastewater management.

Vishvkarma, M. & Siddiqui, A. (2026). Statistical Assessment of Wastewater Quality of Untapped Drains Discharging Untreated Sewage into River Ganga at Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh. Exploresearch, 03(02), 116–132. https://doi.org/10.62823/ExRe/2026/03/02.226

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DOI:

Article DOI: 10.62823/ExRe/2026/03/02.226

DOI URL: https://doi.org/10.62823/ExRe/2026/03/02.226

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