Indian Knowledge System(IKS) represent a rich and diverse intellectual heritage that has evolved over several millennia and has significantly contributed to the development of human thought, culture, science, and civilization. Rooted in a holistic worldview, IKS encompasses a wide range of disciplines including philosophy, education, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, governance, linguistics, environmental management, arts, and spirituality. Unlike fragmented approaches to knowledge, the Indian tradition emphasizes the interconnectedness of the individual, society, nature, and the cosmos, thereby promoting a comprehensive understanding of human existence and well-being. This chapter examines the historical evolution, philosophical foundations, and major domains of Indian Knowledge System while highlighting their contributions to global intellectual traditions. It explores the epistemological frameworks developed by ancient Indian scholars, including various means of acquiring and validating knowledge, and discusses the educational models that facilitated the transmission of knowledge across generations. The chapter further analyzes India's remarkable achievements in mathematics, astronomy, Ayurveda, governance, linguistics, agriculture, environmental sustainability, and ethical thought. Special attention is given to the contributions of eminent scholars such as Panini, Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, Charaka, Sushruta, and Kautilya, whose works continue to influence contemporary scholarship and practice. The chapter also investigates the relevance of Indian Knowledge System in addressing present-day challenges, including environmental degradation, public health concerns, mental well-being, ethical leadership, sustainable development, and technological advancement. It argues that the principles embedded within Indian traditions offer valuable insights for creating balanced, inclusive, and sustainable societies. Furthermore, the chapter discusses the growing recognition of IKS in contemporary education and research and identifies opportunities for integrating traditional wisdom with modern scientific inquiry. By critically examining the depth, diversity, and contemporary significance of Indian Knowledge System, this chapter demonstrates that IKS is not merely a repository of ancient knowledge but a dynamic and evolving framework capable of contributing meaningfully to twenty-first-century global discourse. The revitalization and scholarly engagement with these traditions can enrich academic research, policy formulation, educational practices, and sustainable human development while fostering a deeper appreciation of India's intellectual heritage.