The adoption and incorporation of advanced and intelligent digital technologies in the field of sustainable agriculture have created a new dimension in the improvement of agricultural productivity and resource utilization. In addition, the need to ensure food security while maintaining the natural ecosystem has become a priority in the face of a growing population that is estimated to reach nearly 9.7 billion by the year 2050 (United Nations, 2022). Agriculture is one of the main economic activities that support the livelihoods of nearly 43% of the workforce in developing countries like India (World Bank, 2023). However, agriculture is facing numerous challenges that have necessitated the adoption of innovative and advanced technologies that can support and sustain agriculture in the face of climate variability, reduced soil fertility, and water scarcity. This chapter will discuss the role and importance of advanced computational techniques in transforming traditional agriculture into efficient and adaptive agriculture. In addition, the chapter will also discuss some important demographics that have been incorporated in the chapter. It is estimated that nearly 86% of India's population depends on agriculture (Agricultural Census, 2021). The chapter concludes with the future scope of integrating intelligent systems with sustainable agriculture practices, highlighting the need for collaborative efforts between policymakers, researchers, and industry stakeholders in this regard. This is important to achieve long-term sustainability in agriculture, enhance the well-being of the farming community, and feed the world’s growing population.