This chapter suggests that sustainable development needs a combination of ESG with the SDGs but this is a process that should be purposeful. Instead of viewing them as the independent or competing frameworks, ESG and the SDGs must be considered as complementary elements of a single strategic logic: the SDGs constitute the priorities and desired outcomes of a normative nature, whereas the ESG is the set of organisational mechanisms with the help of which these goals can be managed, measured, and achieved. All the rest of this chapter elaborates this argument in a systematic way. Section 1.1 puts sustainability into the context of the present global risk dynamics; Section 1.2 puts SDGs into the context of an outcome-based framework; Section 1.3 puts ESG in the context of an organisational implementation tool; Section 1.4 analyses costs of siloed approaches and Section 1.5 outlines the rationale of an integrated ESG-SDG approach.