With the dairy industry being one of the largest industries in the world, India is under pressure to prioritize sustainable practices in line with global environmental concerns. In the context of ecological concerns and the need for economy and competitiveness, the Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM) has become a key agenda for consideration. This chapter discusses the theoretical background, empirical findings and implementation of GSCM in the Indian dairy industry. It collates and reviews literature on procurement, production, distribution, waste management and consumer engagement, and showcases the benefits of green practices in terms of reducing carbon footprints, using resources more efficiently and increasing long-term resilience. The chapter also outlines gaps in the existing research, sets out objectives and questions and proposes methodological strategies for investigating GSCM practices. The results indicate that there are steps being taken by both dairy cooperatives and private sector towards sustainability, but there are still some obstacles such as policy integration, technology uptake, and awareness building among farmers. These implications also reach the policy makers, industry leaders and the researchers trying to incorporate sustainability in the decision- making process of their supply chains.