The post-natal period is one of the most sensitive phase in a sequence of maternal and newborn health service. This period encompasses the physiological, psychological and social changes occurring in the mother from childbirth to the first six weeks postnatal, and the parallel adjustments in the newborn to the extrauterine environment. While progress in the institutional delivery and maternal health services have made significant contribution for maternal and neonatal survival, quality and continuity of postnatal care still have to be taken care as a public health concern. Maternal education is an essential part of postnatal care, which is often under developed. Mothers need the right information and skills and confidence for physical recovery, personal hygiene, nutrition, breastfeeding, basic newborn care, danger signs for mother and baby, mental health, family planning and follow-up care. This chapter will explore the use of structured postnatal care education to facilitate the translation of knowledge into appropriate self-care and newborn-care practices. The knowledge–practice gap and factors affecting implementation of health information by mothers, such as family support, cultural beliefs, socioeconomic status, health literacy and access to health services, are given special attention. The different approaches to postnatal education (facility-based, community-based, digital) are considered alongside the central role of the nurse/midwife in providing individualised, culturally responsive and ongoing education. The chapter also explores the significance of structured postnatal education in India, and Kerala where the positive health indicators and high coverage of institutional delivery opens the way for a greater focus on quality, continuity and maternal empowerment. A theoretical framework that links education, knowledge, self-efficacy, practice, care-seeking and maternal–newborn outcomes is presented. That comprehensive and continuous postnatal education should be considered a part of good maternity care not something which is optional at the time of hospital discharge.